ASRB-NET Exam Pattern

• There Will Be One Paper Of 150 Marks Consisting Of 150 Objective Type Multiple Choice Questions To Be Solved In 2 (Two) Hours.
• Each Question Carries One Mark.
• 1/3 Mark Will Be Deducted For Each Wrong Answer
• Exam Will Be Conducted In Both English and Hindi Language.

ASRB-NET SYLLABUS FOR PLANTATION, SPICE, MEDICINAL & AROMATIC PLANTS

UNIT 1. PRODUCTION OF PLANTATION CROPS

• Role of plantation crops in national economy, export potential, role of commodity boards and developmental activities, IPR issues, clean development mechanism, classification, wild species, varietal wealth, DUS and molecular characterization, conservation of biodiversity.
• Plant multiplication including in vitro multiplication, systems of cultivation, multitier cropping, cropping systems, photosynthetic efficiencies of crops at different tiers, rainfall, humidity, temperature, light and soil pH on crop growth and productivity, high density planting, nutritional requirements, physiological disorders.
• Role of growth regulators and macro and micro nutrients, water requirements, fertigation, moisture conservation, shade regulation, weed management, organic production methods, training and pruning, crop regulation, growth and development, developmental physiology, plant protection, maturity indices, harvesting, mechanized harvesting, post-harvest handling, primary processing, processing and value addition.
• Cost benefit analysis, organic farming, management of drought and precision farming.
• Crops: Coffee, tea, cashew, cocoa, rubber, palmyrah, oil palm, coconut, areca nut and betel vine.
• Underexploited Crops: Minor species of Areca, Hevea

UNIT 2. PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF SPICE CROPS

• Introduction, importance of spice crops-historical accent, present status - national and international, future prospects, role of spices board and other development agencies, IPR issues, classification of spices – major minor, tree, seed, herbal spices, botany and taxonomy, wild species, DUS and molecular characterization, conservation of biodiversity.
• Climatic and soil requirements, commercial varieties/hybrids, site selection, layout, propagation and nursery management, sowing/planting times and methods, seed rate and seed treatment, nutritional and irrigation requirements, intercropping, mixed cropping, intercultural operations, weed control, organic production methods, mulching, growth and development, developmental physiology, physiological disorders, maturity indices, harvesting, mechanized harvesting, post-harvest management, primary processing, processing and value addition, different kinds of packing material, containers, equipment, labeling, packing and storage of the processed produce.
• Plant protection measures and seed planting material and micro propagation, precision farming, organic resource management, organic certification, quality control, pharmaceutical significance and protected cultivation of: Black pepper, small and large cardamom, clove, cinnamon, nutmeg, allspice, turmeric, ginger, garlic, coriander, fenugreek, cumin, fennel, ajwain, tamarind, garcinia and vanilla.
• Underexploited Crops: Ilicium verum, Myristica malabarica, Cinnamon tamala, Xanthoxylum sp., Curcuma caesia, Eringium foetidum.

UNIT 3. PRODUCTION OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

• Importance of medicinal and aromatic plants in human health, area, production, national economy and related industries, problems, prospects and challenges, role of medicinal plants board and NGOs in R&D, IPR issues, Indian system of medicine, medicinal industries, sources of medicinal plants, export and import, taxonomy, classification of medicinal and aromatic plants according to botanical characteristics and their uses, export potential and indigenous technical knowledge.
• Indian perfumery industry, important constituents of medicinal and aromatic crops, physical and chemical properties of aromatic crops.
• Climate and soil requirements, wild species varietal wealth, DUS and molecular characterization, conservation of biodiversity, propagation through seed, vegetative and micropropagation, nursery techniques and management, site selection, layout, sowing/planting, nutrition and irrigation management, intercropping, mixed cropping, mulching, organic production methods.
• Growth and development, developmental physiology, plant protection, yield, harvest indices, harvesting methods, post harvest handling, primary processing, processing, study of aroma compounds, extraction, grading, packing, storage, value addition and quality standards in herbal products, GAP, GMP certification.
• Extraction and analysis of active principles using TLC/HPLC/GC of medicinal plants (Senna, periwinkle, medicinal coleus, ashwagandha, glory lilly, Dioscorea sp. Digitalis, medicinal Solanum, Mucuna pruriens, Plumbago zeylanicum, Piper longum, Isabgol, Rauwolfia, Poppy, Aloe vera, Stevia, Safed Musli, Kalmegh, ); and aromatic plants (Citronella, Palmarosa, Mentha, Lemongrass, Patchouli, Geranium, vetiver, sweet flag, jasmine, lavender, Artemisia, Ocimum sp., Eucalyptus, sandal wood).
• Underexploited crops: Flacourtia montana, Plectranthus aromaticus, Adhatoda sp, Hemidesmus indicus,Tinospora cordifolia, Gymnema sylvestra,Morinda citrifolia, Bursera sp, Commiphora wightii, Ocimum kilimandjaricum

UNIT 4. BREEDING OF PLANTATION CROPS AND SPICES

• Species and cultivar diversity, floral and reproductive biology, cytogenetics, male sterility, incompatibility, varieties, survey, collection, conservation and evaluation of germplasm, breeding objectives on the basis of yield, quality, stress tolerance, adaptation, approaches for crop improvement, introduction, selection, hybridization, mutation breeding, polyploid breeding, improvement of quality traits, resistance breeding for biotic and abiotic stresses, molecular aided breeding and biotechnological approaches, marker-assisted selection, bio- informatics, breeding for climate resilience, IPR issues, achievements and future thrusts.
• Crops: Coffee, tea, cashew, cocoa, rubber, palmyrah palm, oil palm, betel vine, coconut, arecanut, black pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, fenugreek, coriander, fennel, cumin, celery, ajwain, garlic, nutmeg, cinnamon, clove, garcinia, tamarind and allspice.

UNIT 5. BREEDING OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

• Plant bio-diversity, survey, collection, conservation and evaluation of germplasm, IPR issues, floral and reproductive biology, cytogenetics, male sterility, incompatibility, Breeding problems, genetics of active principles.
• Major objectives of breeding of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops for yield, quality, stress tolerance, adaptation, herbage yield, essential oils, secondary metabolites, Scope for introduction, cytogenetic background of important Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Scope for improvement of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops through selection, intra and interspecific hybridization, induced autotetraploidy, mutation breeding and biotechnological approaches; Assay techniques useful in evaluation of breeder's material.
• Breeding problems in seed and vegetatively propagated medicinal and aromatic crops: Achievements in terms of varieties, parentage, salient features, molecular breeding, biotechnological approaches, marker assisted selection, bioinformatics and prospects in breeding of medicinal crops, viz. Cassia angustifolia, Catharanthus roseus, Gloriosa superba, Coleus forskohlii, Stevia rebaudiana, Withania somnifera, Papaver somniferum, Plantago ovata, , Piper longum, Plumbago zeylanica, Aloe vera, Rauvolia serpentina, Chlorophytum sps. Geranium, Vettiver, Lemon grass, Palmarosa, Citronella, Kaempferia galanga, Patchouli, Lavender, Ocimum sp., Eucalyptus, Artemisia and Mint.

UNIT 6. SYSTEMATICS OF PLANTATION, SPICE, MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

• Centre of origin, distribution, taxonomical status, phylogeny; botany, cytology, ploidy status, sex forms, flowering and pollination biology and cytogenetics; wild and related species, cultivars, indigenous and exotic germplasm; descriptors, DUS guidelines, molecular aspects of systematics of:
• Plantation crops: Coconut, oil palm, cocoa, arecanut, tea, coffee, betel vine, cashew, rubber
• Spice crops: Black pepper, cardamom, ginger, turmeric, clove cinnamon, nutmeg, vanilla, garlic, coriander, fennel, fenugreek, cumin
• Medicinal crops: Opium poppy, isabgol, ashwagandha, senna, medicinal coleus, glory lilly, periwinkle, sarpagandha, long pepper, Stevia, safed musli, Plumbago zeylanica
• Aromatic crops: Lemon grass, citronella, palmarosa, vetiver, Geranium, patchouli, mint, Ocimum, lavender, rosemary eucalyptus, Kaempferia galanga.

UNIT 7. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PLANTATION, SPICE, MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

• Growth, development, assimilate partitioning and plant bio regulators; Growth and development, definitions, components, photosynthetic productivity, different stages of growth, growth curves, growth analysis, morphogenesis;
• Growth pattern in annual, semi- perennial and perennial crops, growth dimorphism, environmental impact on growth and development: effect of light, temperature, photoperiod;
• Assimilate partitioning: Assimilate partitioning during growth and development, influence of water and mineral nutrition.
• Canopy management for conventional and high density planting pruning, training, chemicals, crop regulation for year-round and off-season production;
• Plant bio regulators: plant bio regulators- auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, inhibitors and retardants, basic functions, biosynthesis and role in crop growth and development;
• Developmental physiology and biochemistry during dormancy, bud break, juvenility; Physiology of flowering, photoperiodism, vernalisation, effect of temperature, heat units, thermoperiodism, pollination, fertilisation, fruit set, fruit drop, fruit growth, ripening, seed development;
• Growth and development process during stress, production of secondary metabolites, molecular and genetic approaches in growth and development.

UNIT 8. BIOCHEMISTRY OF PLANTATION, SPICE, MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC CROPS

• Maturity indices, changes during ripening, processing, factors affecting quality.
• Secondary metabolites and their biosynthetic pathways, factors affecting production of secondary metabolites;
• Contaminants: Adulterants, and substitutes, sources of contamination microbial, heavy metal, pesticide residues;
• Value added products: Fixed oils, essential oils, dyes, oleoresins, aroma chemicals and other value added products, their content, storage, medicinal and pharmacological properties, use in the food, flavour perfumery and pharmaceutical industries;
• Quality standards of raw materials and finished products;
• Basic and advanced extraction techniques - Soxhlet, SCFE, Membrane extraction.
• Chemical characterization- HPTLC, GCMS, LCMS, NMR; Plant tissue cultures in the industrial production of bioactive plant metabolites.
• Cell suspension culture systems for large scale culturing of plant cells and production of secondary metabolites.
• Advantages of cell culture over conventional extraction techniques.

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PDF Language : English

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3. What if I miss my live classes?

Ans : If you have missed your live class for the day, the recording of the live class will be provided within 0-6 hours after the live session ends.